# The Gas Trap: Competing with Coal and Renewables The global struggle between fossil fuels and clean energy is analyzed. - **Source:** [Journal of Political Economy](https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/journal/jpe) - **Published:** 2026-05-05 - **Topic:** [Business](https://brifing.si/c/business) - **Original article:** - **On Brifing:** https://brifing.si/s/71ef4862-56d8-4bfa-9811-141042d3c4b6 ## Challenges of Energy Transition Fossil fuels like coal and natural gas play a significant role in energy markets while competing with renewable sources. This transition process becomes complex due to both economic and environmental factors. ## Decline of Coal Coal usage is declining due to its environmental impact and costs. However, this decline can increase demand for other fossil fuels like natural gas, potentially slowing the shift to renewables. ## Rise of Renewable Energy Renewable sources such as solar and wind energy are becoming more competitive thanks to technological advancements and falling costs. Yet, challenges like energy storage and grid integration persist. ## Political Economy Impacts Energy policies are shaped by decisions of governments and international organizations. Tools like fossil fuel subsidies and carbon taxes deeply influence market dynamics. ## Global Energy Scenarios Various energy scenarios attempt to predict the future role of coal and natural gas and the pace of renewable energy adoption. These scenarios are crucial for achieving climate goals. ## Steps Towards a Sustainable Future To accelerate the energy transition, both technological innovations and policy regulations must work together. Shifting to clean energy offers significant opportunities for economic growth and environmental sustainability. ## Sources covering this story - https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/740172?af=R — --- _Summary written by Brifing from the original reporting. Copyright in the original article belongs to its publisher; read the full piece at the link above._