SSA Requirements for Immigrants Obtaining Social Security Numbers
Essential documentation and procedures for foreign workers seeking U.S. Social Security numbers.
1Mandatory Identity Verification
Foreign nationals working in the United States must provide at least two distinct documents to obtain a Social Security Number. According to SSA publication 05-10107, applicants are required to prove their identity, legal immigration status, and age. The Employment Authorization Document, known as Form I-766, serves as a dual-purpose proof for identity and work.
2Acceptable Immigration Documentation
The SSA requires valid immigration documents alongside an unexpired foreign passport. Acceptable forms include the I-766 EAD, the I-94 Arrival/Departure Record, or the I-551 Permanent Resident Card. If a foreign birth certificate is unavailable within ten business days, the agency evaluates alternative documents issued by the Department of Homeland Security to verify the applicant's age.
3Application Process Protocols
Applicants should wait ten days after arriving in the U.S. to ensure online verification with the Department of Homeland Security is possible. Individuals can initiate the process online but must complete it in person within 45 days. If online filing is not feasible, applicants must submit Form SSA-5 and schedule a telephone appointment.
4Strict Document Standards
The SSA strictly mandates original documents or certified copies issued by the originating agency. Photocopies, notarized copies, and receipts indicating a pending document request are explicitly rejected. Furthermore, federal regulations require an in-person interview for all applicants over the age of twelve who are requesting an original Social Security Number for the first time.
5Employment During Processing
Foreign workers are legally permitted to begin employment while their Social Security Number application is being processed. Employers are instructed to inform workers of the requirement to obtain the card. The SSA verifies documents directly with the Department of Homeland Security, a necessary step that may occasionally cause delays in the final issuance.
6Non-Work Related Numbers
Individuals lacking work authorization from the Department of Homeland Security may only receive a number if required by federal, state, or local law to receive a specific benefit. This specific number does not grant employment eligibility. For tax purposes, these individuals should instead apply for an ITIN using the IRS Form W-7.
7Scope of SSN Necessity
The Social Security Number is not a universal requirement for all administrative tasks in the United States. The SSA clarifies that the number is not needed for obtaining a driver's license, school enrollment, private health insurance, or applying for subsidized housing. These services operate independently of the Social Security administration's specific documentation requirements.
8Administrative Support Channels
Once the SSA verifies all submitted documents with the issuing agencies, the Social Security card is mailed to the applicant. For those needing to schedule an office visit, the agency provides assistance via the 1-800-772-1213 hotline. Representatives are available from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m., Monday through Friday, to facilitate the necessary administrative appointments.
Original article: La Nación — SSA Requirements for Immigrants Obtaining Social Security Numbers