Cancer-fighting chewing gum reduces HPV levels by up to 93%
New bioengineered gum targets microbes linked to head and neck cancer.
1Promising breakthrough for head and neck cancer
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed bioengineered chewing gum that targets microbes associated with head and neck cancer. The gum's FRIL protein reduced HPV virus levels by 93% in saliva samples. It also nearly eliminated levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum bacteria. These findings were published in Scientific Reports.
2Limitations of current treatments
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive cancer originating in mouth and throat tissues. Henry Daniell notes that recently approved cancer drugs haven't significantly improved patients' quality of life or five-year survival rates. This underscores the need for new approaches that can complement existing treatments.
3Revolutionary gum from lablab beans
The research team previously worked on gum made from lablab beans. In the new study, they added FRIL protein with antiviral properties. They also incorporated protegrin, an antimicrobial peptide that reduced harmful bacteria to nearly undetectable levels. These components work without harming beneficial oral bacteria.
4Significant progress in HPV fight
Daniell emphasizes that the global rise in oropharyngeal cancers is linked to HPV infection. The gum's ability to reduce HPV levels by 93% in saliva samples and 80% in oral rinse samples marks important progress. According to 2022 data, lip and oral cavity cancer ranks as the seventh most common cancer type in adolescents and middle-aged adults.
5Safer alternative to radiotherapy
Traditional radiotherapy can reduce beneficial oral bacteria while promoting growth of disease-causing yeast (Candida albicans). The new gum treatment selectively targets harmful microbes while preserving healthy oral microbiome. This dual action gives it potential as both an adjunct to current cancer treatments and a preventive measure against infection and transmission.
6Preparing for clinical trials
Researchers stress the need for clinical trials to evaluate this treatment as an adjuvant to current cancer therapies or as prophylaxis. The study received funding from NIH, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, and National Cancer Institute Cancer Center. The team believes their findings could revolutionize head and neck cancer treatment.
7Team and collaborations
The research team includes Geetanjali Wakade, Rahul Singh, and Smruti Nair from Penn Dental Medicine; Andrés M. Bur and Sufi M. Thomas from University of Kansas Medical Center; Eri S. Srivatsan and Marilene B. Wang from UCLA; and Saroj K. Basak from Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System. The study stands out as a product of multidisciplinary collaboration.
8New era in cancer treatment
These findings offer hope for developing non-invasive cancer treatments with fewer side effects. The gum-based delivery system could provide a more accessible and affordable option, particularly in developing countries. Researchers anticipate this technology could be adapted to target other cancer types as well.